(Linux) Chapter 1: Short History

Created by a Finnish student Linus Torvalds in 1991, the project was initially (still today) to create a free operating system based on kernel.

As comparison, the Windows OS is based on NT Kernel and the Apple OS is based on Darwin Kernel.

Ubuntu, one of many Linux distros, became very popular, thanks to its very easy-to-use approach and versatile uses.
13 years of improvements from the community and overseen by the software company Canonical ( Private and based in UK) created the increasing interest of the IT business world.

Core Philosophy:
-Free of charge Distribution for public and enterprises
-Fully support by the company Canonical
-Core applications free, improved by community and open source
   

Version - Names
Main Features
          
Ubuntu 17.04 - Zesty Zapus
Linux Kernel 4.8

Ubuntu 16.04 - Yakkety Yak     
Ubuntu 14.04 - Trusty     
Ubuntu 13.10 - Saucy     
Ubuntu 13.04 - Raring     
Ubuntu 12.10 - Quantal     
Ubuntu 12.04 - Precise     
Ubuntu 11.10 - Oneiric
New Desktop Environment (DE) - Unity

Ubuntu 11.04 - Natty Narwhal     
 
Ubuntu 10.04 - Lucid Lynx
Ubuntu One cloud storage solution
Ubuntu One music storage
Ubuntu Software Center 2.0
Unbuntu Software Store


Ubuntu 09.10 - Karmic Koala
Ubuntu 09.04 - Jaunty Jackalope
Ubuntu 08.10 - Intrepid Ibex
New ease-of-use process

Ubuntu 08.04 - Hardy Heron
2nd version as LTS
Introduce in the business environment

Ubuntu 07.10 - Gutsy Gibbon
Regarded as the most stable version at that moment

Ubuntu 07.04 - Feisty Fawn     
Ubuntu 06.06 - Drapper Drake
Long Term Support (LTS)

Ubuntu 05.04 - Hoary Hedgehog
Regular update & Support

Ubuntu 04.10 - Warty Wartgog
1st public Release